apportionment

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The Michigan Court of Appeals reaffirmed its March 2020 decision that application of the state’s statutory apportionment formula was unconstitutionally distortive as applied to a taxpayer’s Michigan Business Tax (MBT) liability. The Michigan Supreme Court vacated and remanded the Court of Appeals’ March 2020 decision, which was the topic of a prior SALT Shaker post…

On May 14, 2021, the Indiana Tax Court upheld a pharmacy benefit management company’s sourcing of its receipts under Indiana’s costs of performance rules applicable to receipts from services. The court rejected the Indiana Department of Revenue’s position that the receipts should instead be sourced according to the rules for sales of tangible personal property.…

On April 14, 2021, the Oregon Tax Court issued a ruling on cross motions for summary judgment in a case involving the inclusion of receipts from commodity hedging activities in the taxpayer’s sales apportionment factor. Chevron filed amended Oregon corporation excise tax returns including its gross hedging receipts in its Oregon sales apportionment factor, and…

The Illinois Tax Tribunal issued an order denying PepsiCo Inc. and Affiliates’ (“PepsiCo”) motion for summary judgment and found that PepsiCo’s subsidiary, Frito-Lay North America, Inc. (“FLNA”), was not an excluded 80/20 company and must be include in the PepsiCo Illinois unitary group corporate income tax return.[1] As originally filed, PepsiCo excluded FNLA from…

The New York State Supreme Court, Appellate Division, affirmed a New York City Tax Appeals Tribunal decision regarding the proper method for calculating a corporation’s receipts factor for General Corporation Tax purposes.  The corporation offered a subscription-based service that allowed its clients access to experts and consultants in a broad variety of disciplines, and access…

The Minnesota Supreme Court held that the gain from a corporation’s sale of its majority interest in a limited liability company (LLC) was apportionable business income subject to Minnesota corporate income tax. The Court explained that the corporation conducted its business through operating subsidiaries that were owned by the LLC, and that the corporation and…

The California Court of Appeal held that California income tax applies to the entire amount of trust income that is derived from California sources, even though a trust is managed in part by a non-resident trustee. The taxpayer had requested a refund on income taxes paid on capital gains, claiming that the income was incorrectly…

The North Carolina Supreme Court affirmed a lower court decision that held that a manufacturer of brake pads used by railroads did not qualify for an exception to the state’s standard three-factor apportionment formula that allows “public utilities” to instead apportion their income using a single-sales factor formula.

In February 2019, the North Carolina Superior…

California uses market-based sourcing to apportion sales of other than tangible personal property to the state. Under the governing statute, sales of services are sourced to California to the extent the purchaser of the service receives the benefit in the state.1 Sales of intangible personal property are sourced to California to the extent the…

The Alabama Tax Tribunal held that a taxpayer’s payments to an affiliated entity for employee services were not included in the payroll factor of the apportionment formula for business-income tax purposes because the payments were not made directly to the taxpayer’s employees.

During the years at issue, an Alabama regulation stated that only amounts paid…