Southeast

Subscribe to Southeast via RSS

The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals recently confirmed that a state or local government’s intent to discriminate against railroad carriers is a relevant consideration in analyzing allegations of discriminatory taxation in violation of the federal Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act (“4-R Act”). 49 U.S.C. § 11501. The court further clarified the relationship between the 4-R Act and the Tax Injunction Act (“TIA”). 28 U.S.C. § 1341; Kansas City S. Ry. Co. and Norfolk S. Ry. Co. v. Koeller, No. 10-2333 (7th Cir. July 27, 2011). The residual clause of the 4-R Act prohibits states and their subdivisions from imposing discriminatory taxes against railroads.

At issue was a shift in 2009 by the Sny Island Levee Drainage District (an Illinois political subdivision), from its longstanding and uniform, per-acre annual maintenance assessment on all property to an assessment based on differentiating between land owned by railroads, pipelines, and utilities (“RPU”), and non-RPU land. Under the new regime, non-RPU land would continue to be assessed on a per-acre basis while RPU land would be assessed according to the value of the benefit conferred on RPU lands by the District’s levee system. The result: 4,800% and 8,300% increases in assessments for Kansas City Southern and Norfolk Southern railroads, respectively, in the span of one year. At the same time, the District chose to exempt land situated within municipalities, which, according to the District’s commissioners, included all non-RPU commercial and industrial properties. To make matters worse, the District never notified RPU landowners of the change in assessment methodologies, as it was required to do under Illinois law.Continue Reading All Aboard! Seventh Circuit Rails Local Government for Discriminating Against Railroads

Georgia’s grand experiment to comprehensively rewrite its state tax code came to an anti-climactic halt on April 11, 2011, when the Georgia House of Representatives adjourned without taking up the tax reform bill. In its final form, the bill was unable to withstand a substantial political attack with uncertainty as to the net revenue impact of the bill and whether changes in the personal income tax calculation would create a tax increase on the middle class.

The 10-month tax reform saga began in June 2010, with legislation creating the Special Council on Tax Reform and Fairness for Georgians (the Council), which issued a comprehensive report on January 7, 2011, generally recommending a transition from income taxes to more broad-based consumption taxes. (See Sutherland’s January 10, 2011 Legal Alert for detailed coverage of the Council’s report). The original tax reform bill, H.B. 385, was originally introduced to the Special Joint Committee on Georgia Revenue Structure (the Joint Committee) mirroring the recommendations of the Council and intending to be revenue neutral.Continue Reading Peach State Politics: Georgia Tax Reform Effort Dies on the Vine

In an unusual twist of legislative procedure, the Alabama legislature passed a joint resolution (SJR 4) vetoing an Alabama Department of Revenue (Department) regulation that disallowed a Business Privilege Tax (BPT) deduction for equity investments in subsidiaries. 

The saga of SJR 4 relates to AT&T Corp. v. Surtees, 953 So. 2d 1240 (Ala. Civ. App. 2006). In AT&T, the Alabama Court of Appeals held that the BPT deduction for investments in subsidiaries found in Ala. Code § 40-14A-23(g)(1) was facially unconstitutional under the Commerce Clause, because the deduction was limited to only those subsidiaries doing business in Alabama. The court did not order the deduction to be stricken, but rather remanded the case to the trial court to afford the Department an opportunity to offer a permissible justification for the discrimination. The parties ultimately settled before the court entered judgment on the remedy issue.Continue Reading Just Say No: Alabama Legislature Vetoes Department of Revenue’s BPT Regulation

Proposing to significantly overhaul Georgia’s tax code, including an interesting attempt to eliminate sales tax exemptions for “Holy Bibles” and Girl Scout Cookies, H.B. 385 was introduced on February 24. The 127-page bill is intended to be revenue neutral and largely mirrors the recommendations of the Special Council on Tax Reform and Fairness for Georgians (the Council) (see Sutherland Legal Alert, January 10, 2011 for detailed coverage of the Council’s report). H.B. 385 would eliminate most sales tax exemptions and subject certain services to tax, reduce or eliminate most income tax credits and personal deductions, phase in lower personal and corporate income tax rates, and implement a communications services tax. The bill, introduced by the Special Joint Committee on Georgia Revenue Structure (the Committee), is expected to be amended while still in Committee, but will then require an up or down vote when introduced to both houses of the Legislature.Continue Reading Get Out Your Dustpan: Georgia Bill Proposes Sweeping Tax Reform